What should Ms. Emerson do most effectively when addressing a distracting behavior during her lesson?

When addressing a distracting behavior during her lesson, standing next to the student while continuing with the lesson is the most effective approach. This method allows Ms. Emerson to maintain her lesson flow while subtly directing attention to the student without causing further disruption. By being physically present, she can communicate her expectation for appropriate behavior in a non-confrontational manner, which can help the student self-correct without feeling singled out or embarrassed.

This approach also fosters an environment of support and accountability, encouraging the student to refocus on the lesson. It demonstrates to the rest of the class that Ms. Emerson is in control of the situation, while balancing the need for classroom management with respect for individual students. Additionally, it avoids escalating the issue, which can happen with more extreme responses like asking the student to leave or publicly reprimanding them.